Cervical Collars

Cervical Collars

A cervical collar, or neck brace, is a medical device worn around the neck to limit movement, provide support, and maintain a neutral position of the head and neck. Collars can be soft, made of foam or felt, and are for mild support and short-term pain relief from minor injuries or conditions, or they can be rigid, made of plastic, for severe injuries, fractures, or after surgery to fully immobilize the cervical spine. Their primary functions are to stabilize the neck, aid in the healing of injuries and surgical sites, and provide comfort by reducing pain.

Types of Collars 

Soft Collars:

Typically made of foam or fabric, these provide minimal support and are designed for mild neck pain, stiffness, or as a comfort measure for chronic conditions.

Rigid Collars:

These are made from plastic and provide significant immobilization. Examples include:

Philadelphia Collars: A type of rigid collar with foam padding for high-level support.

Halo Braces: A complex device involving pins fixed to the skull and a vest, used for maximum immobilization of severe spinal injuries.

When They Are Used

Cervical collars are prescribed for various reasons:

Injuries: To stabilize the neck after trauma, such as a fracture or whiplash. 

Surgery: To support and immobilize the neck after spinal surgery. 

Pain Relief: To reduce pain by limiting motion and maintaining a neutral position, which can help open nerve pathways. 

Sleep Disorders: To prevent neck flexion and posterior movement of the jaw during sleep, though their effectiveness for sleep apnea is debated. 

How They Work

Immobilization:

By restricting movement, cervical collars allow damaged tissues, nerves, and bones to heal without further injury. 

Support and Alignment:

They provide support to the head and neck, keeping them in a neutral position, which can be crucial for spinal health. 

Pain Reduction:

Reducing neck motion and supporting the head can alleviate pain and discomfort associated with various neck conditions. 

Important Considerations

Proper Fit:

A collar must be sized correctly to provide the appropriate level of support and avoid complications, such as venous compression. 

Duration of Use:

While effective for short-term pain relief, prolonged use can be counterproductive, as muscles can weaken, and other treatments like physical therapy become more important for recovery. 

Not a Standalone Treatment:

Cervical collars are often an adjunct to other treatments, such as physiotherapy, and are not a complete solution for long-term neck pain.